The white-fronted black chat is a species of passerine bird in the family Muscicapidae. It is native to the Sudan (region). Its natural habitats are moist savanna and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
Region
Eastern Sahel and Horn of Africa
Typical Environment
The species inhabits the Sudan region eastward through Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia. It favors open dry habitats including moist savanna edges, subtropical and tropical dry shrubland, and lightly wooded Acacia scrub. Rocky outcrops, dry riverbeds, and termite-mound-studded grasslands are commonly used. It tolerates semi-arid landscapes and scattered human structures, using walls and ruins for perches and nesting. Local presence is patchy, tracking suitable open ground with scattered cover.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 2400 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
This striking wheatear-like chat is mostly black with a contrasting white forehead, giving it its name. It often perches on rocks, termite mounds, and low shrubs, flicking its tail as it scans for insects. Nests are typically tucked into crevices, walls, or cavities. Males are glossier black; females tend to be slightly browner and duller.
Temperament
alert and territorial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with low sallies
Social Behavior
Usually seen singly or in pairs, holding small territories with prominent song perches. Pairs nest in crevices, holes in banks, walls, or among rocks and termite mounds. Clutches are typically 3–5 eggs, and both adults attend the young.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
The male delivers a varied series of clear whistles and chattering phrases from exposed perches. Calls include sharp tchak notes and harsh chatters when alarmed.
Plumage
Mostly glossy black with a distinct white forehead; females duller and slightly brownish-black. Juveniles show mottling and a less distinct forehead patch. Tail shows a pale base with a darker terminal band typical of wheatears.
Diet
Primarily feeds on insects such as beetles, ants, termites, grasshoppers, and other small invertebrates. It hunts from low perches, dropping to the ground to pounce or making short sallies after flying insects. Occasional small berries or seeds may be taken when insect prey is scarce. Foraging is usually solitary or in pairs.
Preferred Environment
Open ground with scattered stones, low shrubs, and termite mounds provides ideal foraging structure. It frequents edges of savanna, scrubby plains, rocky slopes, and dry watercourses, sometimes near villages and grazing areas.
