The spectacled bulbul, also known as the lesser brown bulbul, is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is found on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. The spectacled bulbul was originally described in the genus Ixos.
Region
Sundaland (Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo)
Typical Environment
The spectacled bulbul inhabits lowland to hill evergreen and semi-evergreen forests across the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. It favors forest edges, secondary growth, and riverine corridors where fruiting trees and shrubs are abundant. The species forages from the understorey to mid-canopy, often along trails and gaps. It adapts moderately well to disturbed habitats provided sufficient tree cover and fruit resources remain.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1500 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
This forest bulbul is named for its conspicuous pale eye-ring that forms a ‘spectacled’ look against a brown face and its striking crimson iris. It is a frequent participant in mixed-species flocks, moving quietly through the mid-storey in search of fruits and insects. By swallowing small fruits whole and defecating the seeds, it plays an important role in tropical forest regeneration.
Illustration by Keulemans, 1881
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats between perches
Social Behavior
Often seen in pairs or small family groups and frequently joins mixed-species foraging flocks. Builds a small cup nest in shrubs or small trees, usually well concealed. Both sexes participate in nesting duties, and typical clutches contain two eggs.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Song is a series of mellow, fluty whistles and bubbling phrases delivered from mid-level perches. Calls include soft chups and chatters used to maintain contact within pairs and flocks.
