The rufous-crowned elaenia is a species of bird in subfamily Elaeniinae of family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Region
Guiana Shield and northern Amazon Basin
Typical Environment
Occurs patchily in white-sand scrub (campina/campinarana), shrubby savanna, forest edges, and secondary growth. It also uses shrublands on sandy soils and stunted forests near tepui foothills. Often associates with ecotones where open scrub meets low woodland. Typically found in the midstory and canopy edges, moving through small shrubs and low trees while foraging.
Altitude Range
0–1400 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
This small tyrant flycatcher favors white-sand scrub (campina/campinarana) and other open, scrubby habitats across the Guiana Shield and northern Amazon. Its subtle olive-gray plumage makes it easy to overlook, but the rufous crown (often raised briefly) is distinctive. Voice is an important field clue, with thin, whistled phrases helping separate it from similar elaenias.
Temperament
wary and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with quick dashing sallies
Social Behavior
Usually seen singly, in pairs, or small family groups, sometimes joining mixed-species flocks. Pairs defend small territories during the breeding season. The nest is a small cup placed low to mid-height in shrubs or small trees; both adults participate in care.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Song is a series of thin, high-pitched, whistled phrases, often delivered from exposed perches. Calls include sharp 'pit' or 'tsip' notes and soft chatter during foraging.
