The eastern meadowlark is a medium-sized icterid bird, very similar in appearance to its sister species, the western meadowlark. It occurs from eastern North America to northern South America, where it is also most widespread in the east. The Chihuahuan meadowlark was formerly considered to be conspecific with the eastern meadowlark.
Region
Eastern North America to northern South America
Typical Environment
Occurs from southeastern Canada and the eastern–central United States through Mexico, the Caribbean, and into northern South America. Favors open habitats such as native prairies, pastures, hayfields, and grassy airfields. Avoids dense forests and heavily wooded landscapes, thriving instead in landscapes with moderate to tall grasses and scattered perches. In winter it often uses agricultural stubble fields and lightly grazed ranges. Subspecies occupy coastal plains, interior grasslands, and savanna-like habitats across the range.
Altitude Range
0–2000 m
Climate Zone
Temperate
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
Eastern Meadowlarks are iconic grassland songbirds recognized by their bold black 'V' on a bright yellow chest. Males sing clear, whistled phrases from fenceposts or shrubs to defend territories. They build well-camouflaged, domed nests on the ground, which makes them vulnerable to mowing and early hay harvests. Populations have declined in many areas due to grassland loss and changes in agricultural practices.
The Cuban subspecies S. m. hippocrepis (Wagler, 1832) is small and more streaked below, and may be a separate species
Temperament
wary and territorial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with low glides
Social Behavior
During breeding, males defend territories and sing from conspicuous perches; some populations exhibit polygyny. Nests are placed on the ground, often domed with a side entrance, woven from grasses. Both parents feed the young, and pairs may raise multiple broods if conditions allow. Outside the breeding season, birds may form small loose flocks in open fields.
Migratory Pattern
Partial migrant
Song Description
Song is a clear, flute-like series of sweet, slurred whistles that carries over open fields. Calls include sharp chatters and buzzes given in agitation. Regional variation exists, but the mellow, whistled quality is consistent.
