The yellow cardinal is a species of South American bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is the only member of its genus, Gubernatrix.
Region
Southern Cone of South America
Typical Environment
Occurs patchily in eastern and central Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil. It favors open to semi-open landscapes with scattered shrubs and low trees, including thorny scrub, espinal woodlands, and edges of gallery forests. Often found near grasslands with dense shrub layers and along watercourses with bushy cover. Habitat fragmentation and degradation have reduced its continuity of range.
Altitude Range
0–1000 m
Climate Zone
Temperate
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The yellow cardinal is the only member of the genus Gubernatrix and belongs to the tanager family Thraupidae. Males are prized for their rich, whistled song, a major driver of illegal trapping. The species is globally Endangered due to poaching and habitat loss, and it is protected in parts of its range. Conservation programs focus on anti-trapping efforts and habitat management in the southern cone of South America.
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with undulating hops between shrubs
Social Behavior
Typically seen singly or in pairs, especially during the breeding season when males defend territories from exposed song perches. Monogamous pairs build cup-shaped nests low in dense shrubs. Clutches are small, and both parents participate in care. Outside breeding, may form small loose groups in suitable habitat.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
The male delivers a clear, mellow series of rich whistles and fluted phrases, often repeated and carrying far. Calls include sharp chips and softer contact notes used between pair members.
