The white-backed thrush or Kessler's thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is primarily resident or a short-distance altitudinal migrant, found in central China in Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, eastern Tibet, and northwestern Yunnan, and also a scarce winter visitor in Bhutan, northeasternmost India, and eastern Nepal. It breeds in alpine scrub on rocky sites at altitudes of 3600–4500 metres, and descends down to 2100 metres, rarely to 1500 metres, in winter.
Region
Central China and eastern Himalayas
Typical Environment
Breeds in central China, especially Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, eastern Tibet (Xizang), and northwestern Yunnan. In winter it is a scarce visitor to Bhutan, eastern Nepal, and the northeasternmost parts of India. It favors alpine scrub and rocky slopes with dwarf rhododendron, juniper, and willow krummholz. Outside the breeding season, it descends to subalpine thickets, forest edges, and shrubby valleys. It is typically local and patchy where suitable scrub and rock cover coincide.
Altitude Range
1500–4500 m
Climate Zone
Highland
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
Also known as Kessler’s thrush, this high-altitude species is often overlooked due to its remote breeding range on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. It makes short altitudinal movements, descending to lower valleys in winter. The contrasting pale back can be striking against dark wings and rocky alpine terrain. Named in honor of the Russian zoologist Konstantin Kessler.
Temperament
wary and somewhat secretive
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with low, direct flights between scrub patches
Social Behavior
Usually solitary or in pairs during the breeding season, becoming loosely gregarious in winter where food is concentrated. Nests are cup-shaped, placed low in dense scrub or among rocks. Clutch size is typically 3–4 eggs, and both parents participate in feeding the nestlings.
Migratory Pattern
Partial migrant
Song Description
A soft, melodious thrush-like song of fluty, clear phrases delivered from a low perch or concealed within scrub. Calls include thin tseep notes and a harsher chak when alarmed.
