The red-crowned parakeet, also known as red-fronted parakeet and by its Māori name of kākāriki, is a small parrot from New Zealand. It is characterised by its bright green plumage and the red pattern on its head. This versatile bird can feed on a variety food items and can be found in many habitat types. It used to be classified as near threatened as invasive predators had pushed it out of its historical range but it is now at least concern. This species used to occupy the entire island, but is now confined to only a few areas on the mainland and some offshore islands.
Region
New Zealand archipelago
Typical Environment
Historically found across the main islands, it now survives best on predator-free offshore islands and in protected mainland sanctuaries. It occupies native and regenerating forest, shrublands, coastal scrub, and forest edges, and also uses tussock and wetland margins. Birds often forage from canopy to ground, shifting among seasonal food sources. Nesting occurs in tree cavities, rock crevices, and occasionally in banks or roots, where shelter and low predator pressure are available.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1500 m
Climate Zone
Temperate
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 3/5
Known in Māori as kākāriki (“small green”), this lively parakeet was once widespread across New Zealand but declined due to introduced predators. It persists strongly on predator-free offshore islands and in fenced sanctuaries. Kākāriki are agile climbers and important seed dispersers, helping regenerate native plants.
Red-crowned parakeet feeding on Fuchsia excorticata by J.G. Keulemans.
Illustration of Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae (1888) showing beak structure and eye-stripe
At Ngā Manu Nature Reserve, Waikanae, New Zealand
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with direct, swift flight
Social Behavior
Often seen in pairs or small, loose flocks outside the breeding season. Pairs form strong bonds and nest in cavities, where the female incubates and the male often feeds her. They can be conspicuous when feeding but retreat to cover when disturbed.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A series of high-pitched chattering notes and rolling trills, frequently given in flight. Contact calls are sharp 'kek-kek' or 'ki-ki-ki', with softer warbles during close interactions.
