The olivaceous elaenia is a species of bird in subfamily Elaeniinae of family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
Region
Southeastern South America
Typical Environment
Occurs in northeastern Argentina, southern and southeastern Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It frequents forest edges, riparian gallery forests, semi-open woodlands, scrub, and second-growth, as well as parklands and rural tree lines. The species tolerates moderate disturbance and often forages along clearings and roadsides. It is more common in lowlands and foothills and is generally resident throughout its range.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1500 m
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
A small tyrant flycatcher, the olivaceous elaenia is active and often seen flicking its wings as it forages. It favors edges of woodland and gallery forests in southeastern South America and will join mixed-species flocks. Like many elaenias, it supplements an insect diet with small fruits, aiding seed dispersal. Its soft, whistled phrases can be subtle, making identification by call important.
Temperament
alert and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with brief sallies
Social Behavior
Usually seen singly or in pairs, often at mid-story to canopy level along edges. Frequently joins mixed-species flocks while foraging. Nests are typically small open cups placed in forks or on horizontal branches; both parents attend the young.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Song consists of soft, whistled phrases and thin, nasal notes, often delivered from a perch within the canopy. Calls include short 'tsip' and slightly buzzy notes, repeated at intervals. Vocalizations can be easily overlooked amid louder forest sounds.
Plumage
Olive-green upperparts with a slightly crested crown, grayish to whitish underparts with a faint yellowish wash on the belly, and two distinct pale wingbars. The face shows a subtle pale eye-ring and diffuse supercilium. Wings and tail are dusky with pale edging.
Diet
Primarily takes small flying and gleaned insects such as flies, beetles, and caterpillars. Also consumes small fruits and berries, especially in the non-breeding season, contributing to seed dispersal. Foraging involves short sallies from exposed perches and patient gleaning among leaves and twigs.
Preferred Environment
Feeds along forest edges, riverine corridors, and in semi-open woodland with scattered trees. Often uses perches near clearings, roadsides, and second-growth where insect activity is high.
