The Noronha elaenia is a Vulnerable species of bird in subfamily Elaeniinae of family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is endemic to the Fernando de Noronha archipelago off the coast of Brazil.
Region
Fernando de Noronha Archipelago
Typical Environment
Occurs throughout the main island and nearby islets in a mosaic of habitats, including native dry forest, coastal scrub, secondary growth, plantations, and gardens. It forages from the understory to mid-canopy, frequently using exposed perches to sally for insects. The species tolerates some disturbance but persists best where patches of native vegetation remain. Nesting typically occurs in shrubs or small trees in sheltered spots.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 320 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
This island flycatcher is restricted to the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, where it is one of very few native landbirds. It often forages around human-modified areas but still relies on native scrub and woodland to nest. By eating small fruits as well as insects, it likely plays a role in local seed dispersal. Its small range makes it vulnerable to habitat change and invasive predators.
Temperament
confiding and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with frequent sallies
Social Behavior
Usually seen singly or in pairs, defending small territories during the breeding season. Forms family groups after fledging and may loosely associate with other small passerines while foraging. Builds a small cup nest placed in shrubs or low trees, with both parents tending the young.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A series of thin, whistled phrases interspersed with buzzy notes, repeated from exposed perches. Calls include sharp chips and soft twitters given while foraging.
