The black-and-white hawk-eagle is a bird of prey species in the eagle and hawk family (Accipitridae). It is found throughout a large part of tropical America, from southern Mexico to northern Argentina.
Region
Central and South America (Neotropics)
Typical Environment
Occurs from southern Mexico through Central America and across much of northern and central South America to northern Argentina. Prefers mature lowland and foothill evergreen forests, but also uses forest edges, gallery forests, and semi-open mosaics near intact woodland. Typically hunts in or above the canopy, using high perches along ridges and river corridors. It is patchily distributed and generally uncommon wherever it occurs.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 2000 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
This striking raptor patrols the forest canopy with bold black-and-white plumage that makes it surprisingly conspicuous in flight. It is generally scarce and highly secretive, often detected by its piercing whistles or by brief soaring bouts above the trees. Pairs maintain large territories and nest high in tall forest, where they raise a single chick. Habitat loss from deforestation is the primary threat across much of its range.
A Black-and-white hawk-eagle in captivity.
A rescued animal, photo taken in captivity in Argentina
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
soaring glider with deep wingbeats and brief rapid flaps
Social Behavior
Usually encountered alone or in pairs. Monogamous pairs hold large forest territories and display with soaring and vocalizing above the canopy. Nests are placed high in tall trees, often near forest interiors; clutch size is typically one egg with prolonged parental care.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Gives high, piercing whistles and shrill, clear calls, often delivered during display flights. Vocalizations carry well over the canopy, aiding contact between mates and territorial advertisement.
Plumage
Boldly contrasting black-and-white; black hood and upperparts with white underparts and rump, and banded tail. Underwings largely white with dark flight-feather barring and blackish tips; a small crest may be visible on the head. Overall sleek, long-tailed silhouette typical of hawk-eagles.
Diet
A versatile predator taking medium-sized birds (such as pigeons, chachalacas, and toucans), small mammals including squirrels and occasionally small monkeys, and reptiles like lizards. Hunts from concealed or exposed perches and by coursing along canopy edges. Executes sudden, fast strikes through foliage and may pursue prey in agile flight. Rarely scavenges, preferring live prey.
Preferred Environment
Forages along forest edges, riverine corridors, and canopy gaps where visibility and ambush opportunities are greatest. Frequently perches on emergent trees or ridgelines to survey for prey, then drops into the canopy.
