The western spinebill is a honeyeater found in the heath and woodland of south-western Australia. Ranging between 12–16 centimetres (4.7–6.3 in) long, it weighs around 10 grams (0.35 oz). It has a black head, gray back and wings, with a red band behind its neck and from its throat to its breast. Its curved bill is long and slender.
Region
Southwest Australia
Typical Environment
Occurs in heathlands, kwongan shrublands, and open eucalypt woodlands of the southwest Australian floristic region. Frequently visits coastal and inland Banksia thickets and mixed shrublands where flowering is reliable. Common in reserves and on the urban fringe where native plantings are abundant. Also uses edges, clearings, and gardens that provide year-round nectar sources.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 800 m
Climate Zone
Other
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
This small honeyeater is a key pollinator of southwest Australian flora such as Banksia, Grevillea, and Hakea. Its long, slender, decurved bill and brush-tipped tongue are specialized for extracting nectar, and it also snaps up small insects for protein. The species name refers to its bold white eyebrow (supercilium), a standout field mark. It adapts well to native gardens with flowering shrubs.
The female is smaller and plainer than the male.
Flowers of Banksia ilicifolia are a favourite nectar source.
Temperament
active and agile, locally territorial around rich nectar sources
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with frequent hovering at flowers
Social Behavior
Usually seen singly, in pairs, or small loose groups around flowering shrubs. Builds a small cup nest low in dense shrubs, typically laying two eggs. Both sexes participate in nesting activities, and birds defend choice nectar patches from rivals.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Voice is a series of thin, high-pitched piping notes and rapid trills. Calls are sharp and metallic, often given while foraging and during brief chases around flowering plants.
Plumage
Sleek, contrasting plumage with a black head and mask, grey back and wings, and rich rufous to chestnut on the throat, breast, and neck collar; underparts paler toward the belly. A bold white supercilium and cheek patch stand out against the dark face. The tail is dark with paler fringes.
Diet
Primarily feeds on nectar from Banksia, Grevillea, Hakea, and Eucalyptus, using a brush-tipped tongue. Supplements diet with small insects and spiders gleaned from foliage or taken in short sallies. Plays an important role in pollination by transferring pollen between flowers while feeding.
Preferred Environment
Forages in dense flowering shrubs and low canopies, especially within heath and open woodland. Regularly visits native gardens and revegetated areas that provide continuous nectar throughout the year.
