The sombre rock chat is a species of passerine bird in the family Muscicapidae. It is native to montane desert of central Ethiopia and possibly far-western Somalia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
Region
Horn of Africa
Typical Environment
Occurs mainly in central Ethiopia in montane semi-desert and dry shrublands with abundant rock, cliffs, and boulder fields; records from far‑western Somalia are possible but unconfirmed. It frequents rocky wadis, lava flows, and sparsely vegetated slopes with scattered shrubs. The species tolerates arid conditions and may also use human-made stone structures as perches. Territories are typically centered on prominent rock outcrops that offer nest crevices and vantage points.
Altitude Range
1200–2600 m
Climate Zone
Highland
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The sombre rock chat is a quietly colored wheatear that blends into the dark basalt and rocky slopes it inhabits. It often perches on boulders and low outcrops, darting down to grab insects between short flights. Formerly placed in the genus Cercomela, it is now treated within Oenanthe based on genetic studies. Its plain, dark tail lacking bold patterns helps distinguish it from many other wheatears.
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with low, undulating flights between rocks
Social Behavior
Usually seen alone or in pairs, defending rocky territories. Nests are placed in crevices, cavities, or among stones; both adults participate in provisioning the young. Likely monogamous during the breeding season, with perching displays from prominent rocks.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Song is a modest series of soft whistles and warbles interspersed with harsher chat-like notes, delivered from exposed perches. Calls include sharp chack and tick sounds used in contact and alarm.
Plumage
Plain sooty-brown to grey-brown above with slightly paler brownish underparts; overall matte, unpatterned look. Tail and upper tail coverts are dark with little to no contrasting pattern. Subtle pale throat and a faint eye-ring may be visible at close range.
Diet
Feeds mainly on insects such as beetles, ants, termites, and caterpillars, and also takes small spiders. It forages by hopping on rocks and bare ground, picking prey from surfaces or making short sallies. Occasional aerial hawking is observed when insects are flushed.
Preferred Environment
Open rocky slopes, lava fields, and sparsely vegetated shrublands with abundant stones and ledges. Often hunts along the edges of wadis and at the base of boulders where insects concentrate.
