The Hawaiʻi mamo is an extinct species of Hawaiian honeycreeper. It was endemic to Hawaiʻi Island. It became extinct due to habitat loss, mosquitoes, introduced predators such as the small Indian mongoose, and overcollecting.
Region
Hawaiian Islands
Typical Environment
Historically restricted to native forests on Hawaiʻi Island, especially in mid- to high-elevation wet and mesic forests. It frequented ʻōhiʻa lehua and koa-dominated canopies and areas rich in flowering lobelioids. The bird likely used forest edges and interior glades where nectar sources were abundant. As disease pressure increased, it probably retreated upslope into cooler, wetter habitats before disappearing.
Altitude Range
0–1800 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The Hawaiʻi mamo was a striking Hawaiian honeycreeper, now extinct, once found only on Hawaiʻi Island. Its vivid yellow rump and thigh feathers were highly prized for royal capes and cloaks. The species vanished by the late 19th century due to habitat loss, avian diseases spread by introduced mosquitoes, predators like the small Indian mongoose, and overcollecting.
Illustration
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with agile darts between flowers
Social Behavior
Usually observed alone or in pairs, defending rich nectar sources from other birds. It likely formed monogamous pairs during the breeding season. Nests were probably cup-shaped and placed in trees, similar to related honeycreepers.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Clear, fluty whistles interspersed with thin, buzzy notes. Phrases were repeated and carried through the forest canopy.
