Region

New Guinea Highlands

Typical Environment

This species occurs across the mountainous spine of New Guinea, from Papua and West Papua (Indonesia) eastward into Papua New Guinea. It inhabits primary and mature secondary rainforest, favoring forest edges, ridgelines, and gaps. Birds are also seen along riverine corridors and in mosaic landscapes with tall forest adjoining gardens or clearings. While most frequent in uplands, it can descend to lower foothills where continuous canopy remains. It uses the midstory to canopy for hunting and transit and occasionally soars above the treetops in calm conditions.

Altitude Range

200–3000 m

Climate Zone

Tropical

Temperament

solitary and territorial

Flight Pattern

short rapid wingbeats with swift dashes through forest; occasional soaring above canopy

Social Behavior

Usually seen alone or in pairs, maintaining territories along forested ridges and edges. Pairs likely form long-term bonds and perform display flights over the canopy during the breeding season. Nests are placed high in tall trees, constructed of sticks and lined with fresh leaves; clutch size is typically small.

Migratory Pattern

Resident

Song Description

Vocalizations are sparse and often given at dawn: a series of high, thin whistles or a repeated ki-ki-ki note sequence. Agitated birds give sharp kek-kek calls and a chattering alarm. Calls carry through the forest but are less frequent outside the breeding period.