The Asir magpie, also known as the Arabian magpie, is a highly endangered species of magpie endemic to Saudi Arabia. It is only found in the country's southwestern highlands, in the Asir Region. It occurs only in African juniper forest in well-vegetated wadis and valleys. It was formerly classified as a subspecies of the Eurasian magpie, and still is by many authorities. This species is highly threatened by habitat destruction, as its native forests are not regenerating. Tourism development and climate change are also posing a threat. Only 135 pairs are known to survive in the wild, and this number is declining.
Region
Southwestern Arabian Highlands
Typical Environment
This species is restricted to montane African juniper (Juniperus procera) woodlands and well-vegetated wadis and valleys. It favors mosaic habitats with mature juniper, scattered oaks and acacias, and nearby agricultural terraces or orchards. Birds often forage along edges, clearings, and lightly disturbed areas near villages and picnic sites. Nesting typically occurs in taller juniper or similar trees with good canopy cover.
Altitude Range
1800–3000 m
Climate Zone
Highland
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The Asir magpie, also called the Arabian magpie, is confined to a small stretch of highland juniper forest in southwestern Saudi Arabia. It was once treated as a subspecies of the Eurasian magpie but is now widely recognized as a distinct species. Its survival is tightly linked to aging African juniper woodlands that are failing to regenerate, and it also suffers from disturbance and reduced food quality near tourist sites.
Asir magpie observed in February 2023
Temperament
social and territorial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with brief glides
Social Behavior
Usually seen in pairs or small family parties maintaining year-round territories. Builds bulky stick nests placed high in trees, often with a dome of twigs and side entrance. Both parents care for the young, and family groups may remain together after fledging.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Vocal repertoire includes harsh chattering and rattling calls typical of magpies, used for contact and alarm. Softer warbles and whistles are given at close range around mates or the nest.
