The American pygmy kingfisher is a species of "water kingfisher" in subfamily Cerylinae of family Alcedinidae. It is found in the American tropics from southern Mexico south through Central America into every mainland South American country except Chile and Uruguay. It also occurs on Trinidad.
Region
Neotropics
Typical Environment
Found from southern Mexico through Central America and across much of lowland South America, also occurring on Trinidad. It inhabits slow, shaded streams, forested creeks, oxbow lakes, mangroves, and swampy river margins. The species prefers dense riparian vegetation and overhanging branches close to calm or gently flowing water. It is uncommon in open, wide rivers and avoids high, cold montane habitats.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1200 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The American pygmy kingfisher is the smallest kingfisher in the Americas, favoring shaded forest streams and mangroves. It hunts by sallying from low perches to snatch tiny fish and aquatic invertebrates. Pairs excavate nesting tunnels in earthen banks, where they lay a small clutch of glossy white eggs. Its secretive habits and preference for dense cover often make it easy to overlook.
Pygmy kingfisher asleep in Costa Rica
At Reserva Natural Isla de Juan Venado, León Department, Nicaragua
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats, low and direct over water
Social Behavior
Usually encountered alone or in pairs along shaded streams. Both sexes excavate a burrow nest in an earthen bank, often several feet deep, where 3–5 eggs are laid. Courtship feeding is common, and adults guard short stretches of stream with regular perches.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Vocalizations are sharp, high, dry rattles and ticking notes given in short series. Calls are most frequent at dawn and when disturbed along the watercourse.
