The yellow-throated sparrow or chestnut-shouldered petronia is a species of sparrow found in southern Asia. It is a species mostly of the dry savannah. They forage on the ground for grain and for berries in bushes. They are often seen perched atop bare branches on trees while calling.
Region
South Asia and adjacent Middle East
Typical Environment
Occurs widely across the Indian subcontinent, including dry scrub, open woodland, and savannah-like habitats with scattered trees. It readily uses agricultural edges, orchards, and village environs, often perching on exposed branches or utility wires. Avoids dense, closed forests and very humid zones but is adaptable to human-modified landscapes. During the hottest periods it concentrates near waterholes and shaded areas.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 2000 m
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
Also called the chestnut-shouldered petronia, this sparrow shows a distinctive yellow throat in breeding males, while females are duller and lack bright yellow. It often nests in cavities, including holes in trees and walls of buildings. Flocks are frequently seen around villages and dry scrub, and birds may gather at water sources during hot periods.
Showing the yellow throat
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats
Social Behavior
Often in small flocks outside the breeding season, foraging on the ground and low shrubs. Nests in cavities in trees, walls, or buildings; pairs are typically monogamous within a season. Communal roosting may occur near villages and in groves.
Migratory Pattern
Partial migrant
Song Description
Calls are sharp, sparrow-like chirps and chips delivered from exposed perches. The song is a simple, repetitive series of chirps, increasing in intensity during the breeding season.
Plumage
Brown, sparrow-like with streaked upperparts and paler underparts; males show a bright yellow throat in breeding season and a chestnut patch on the shoulder.
Diet
Feeds mainly on seeds and grains, taking cereals and grass seeds in fields and at the edges of cultivation. Also consumes berries and buds from shrubs and trees. During breeding, it supplements with insects such as beetles and caterpillars for protein.
Preferred Environment
Forages on the ground in open scrub, fallow fields, and village margins, and also gleans in low bushes. Frequently visits agricultural areas and areas around human habitation, especially where water and scattered trees are present.
