The white-crowned parrot, also known as the white-crowned pionus in aviculture, is a small parrot which is a resident breeding species ranging from eastern Mexico to western Panama.
Region
Mesoamerica
Typical Environment
Occurs from eastern Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica to western Panama. It inhabits humid lowland and foothill forests, forest edges, secondary growth, and riparian woodland. The species also frequents agricultural mosaics, including cacao, coffee, and banana plantations, especially where remnant trees persist. It often roosts communally and makes regular flights between roosts and feeding areas.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1600 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 3/5
Also called the white-crowned pionus in aviculture, this small parrot is relatively quiet compared to many parrots, though it can be noisy in flight. Like other Pionus, it has red undertail coverts and a robust build. It plays an important role as a seed disperser by moving between fruiting trees. Pairs or small flocks often commute to plantations and forest edges to feed.
White-crowned Pionus, close up of upper body
White-crowned Pionus, at the aviary Birds of Eden in South Africa
Head and neck
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
fast, direct flight with rapid wingbeats
Social Behavior
Usually seen in pairs or small flocks, occasionally in larger groups at abundant food sources. Nests in tree cavities, with pairs defending the immediate nest area while remaining tolerant of nearby conspecifics. Roosting can be communal in tall trees near feeding grounds.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Vocalizations are high-pitched squeals, rolling screeches, and sharp contact calls given in flight. When perched, it gives softer wheezy whistles and chatters, especially at dawn and dusk.
Plumage
Stocky, mostly green parrot with a distinct white crown and forehead, bluish tones on the nape and chest, and red undertail coverts. Feathers are glossy with darker edging on the wings; cheeks can show bluish or dusky hues. The bill is horn-colored with a darker tip and a pale bare eye-ring.
Diet
Primarily eats fruits, berries, and seeds, including figs and fruits of forest trees. It will also take buds and flowers and occasionally visits crops such as bananas or maize. Foraging often involves short flights between fruiting trees and careful picking in the canopy.
Preferred Environment
Feeds mostly in the upper and mid-level canopy of humid forests and along edges and clearings. Frequently enters plantations and secondary growth where fruiting trees are available.
