The subdesert mesite is a ground-dwelling bird endemic to Madagascar. It is one of three species in the mesite family Mesitornithidae, and is restricted in distribution to a small low-land region in southwest Madagascar.
Region
Southwest Madagascar
Typical Environment
This species is restricted to lowland spiny thicket and dry scrub, often on sandy soils with scattered Euphorbia and Didierea vegetation. It favors dense, thorny understory where it can move under cover while foraging. Birds keep close to the ground and use fallen branches and shrub cover for concealment. It occurs in fragmented patches where intact spiny forest remains, including protected areas and adjacent community lands.
Altitude Range
0–300 m
Climate Zone
Arid
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The subdesert mesite is a terrestrial bird found only in the spiny thickets of southwest Madagascar. It belongs to the small, ancient family Mesitornithidae and spends most of its time walking and foraging on the ground. Pairs or small groups often duet with loud, whistled calls that carry across the scrub. Habitat loss and hunting pressure have led to population declines.
Temperament
shy and terrestrial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats; weak flier, usually flushes low
Social Behavior
Often seen in pairs or small family groups that maintain territories within spiny thickets. Nests are placed low in dense shrubs or thorny vegetation. Chicks leave the nest quickly and follow adults, which guide them to foraging sites. Vocal duetting helps pairs maintain contact in dense cover.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A series of clear, whistled notes delivered as duets at dawn and dusk, carrying well through the scrub. Calls include sharp contact notes and louder, ringing whistles when alarmed.
Plumage
Sandy-brown upperparts with paler, whitish underparts; long tail and relatively long legs. Males typically show a darker facial mask and bib, while females are duller with warmer rufous tones on the face and breast. Feathers appear smooth and plain, aiding camouflage in dry scrub.
Diet
Feeds mainly on insects and other small invertebrates, including ants, termites, beetles, and larvae. It also takes seeds, small fruits, and occasional plant matter. Foraging is done by probing and flicking aside leaf litter with the slightly downcurved bill. Diet varies seasonally with invertebrate availability.
Preferred Environment
Forages on the ground beneath dense thorny shrubs, along sandy tracks, and in leaf-littered patches of spiny forest. Uses cover to move between feeding spots, often pausing to scan before crossing open areas.
