The subtropical cacique is a passerine bird species in the New World family Icteridae. It breeds in the lower reaches of the northern Andes.
Region
Northern Andes
Typical Environment
Occurs along the lower slopes and foothills of the Andes from Colombia south through Ecuador to northern Peru. Favors humid evergreen forest edges, second growth, and riverine corridors, and will use adjacent plantations and clearings. Often found at forest borders and in canopy or midstory where fruiting trees and insect activity are abundant. It is locally common where suitable foothill forest remains, but sensitive to extensive deforestation.
Altitude Range
600–1900 m
Climate Zone
Subtropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The subtropical cacique is an Icterid of Andean foothill forests, known for its striking scarlet rump against otherwise black plumage. It often nests colonially, weaving long pendulous baskets that may be placed near wasp nests for protection. These birds are active, noisy foragers that join mixed-species flocks. They are year-round residents of the lower montane slopes in the northern Andes.
in Ecuador
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats
Social Behavior
Often travels in pairs or small groups and readily joins mixed-species foraging flocks. Builds long, pendulous woven nests, frequently in loose colonies high over water or clearings. Nests are sometimes placed near wasp or ant nests to deter predators.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Vocalizations are a mix of liquid whistles, gurgles, and chatters delivered in short sequences. Calls are sharp and metallic when alarmed, while display songs include bubbling notes and squeaks.
Plumage
Mostly glossy black with a vivid scarlet rump and upper tail coverts; feathers otherwise sleek and uniform. The bill is pale and sharply pointed, contrasting with the dark head and body.
Diet
Takes a wide variety of insects and other arthropods gleaned from foliage and taken on the wing. Also consumes fruits and berries, especially when insect prey is less abundant. Will visit flowering trees for nectar and occasionally takes small vertebrates or eggs opportunistically.
Preferred Environment
Forages mainly in the canopy and midstory at forest edges, along rivers, and in second-growth thickets. Frequently works fruiting trees and mixed-species flocks to exploit concentrated food sources.
