The Socotra buzzard is a medium to large bird of prey that is sometimes considered a subspecies of the widespread common buzzard. As its name implies, it is native to the island of Socotra, Yemen. Although it is listed as vulnerable in the IUCN Red List, its population is considered to be stable.
Region
Socotra Archipelago
Typical Environment
Confined to Socotra, where it uses rocky wadis, coastal plains, limestone plateaus, and the mountainous interior with scattered trees and shrubs. It frequents cliff faces and steep escarpments for nesting and perches on boulders or utility poles to hunt. Open scrub, sparse woodland with dragon’s blood and frankincense trees, and lightly grazed rangelands are typical. It also occurs near villages and tracks where prey is accessible.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1500 m
Climate Zone
Arid
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
Sometimes treated as a subspecies of the common buzzard, the Socotra buzzard is now widely recognized as a distinct species restricted to the Socotra Archipelago of Yemen. It nests mainly on cliffs and rocky ledges and relies heavily on the island’s abundant reptiles. Habitat change and disturbance are potential threats, but the population is thought to be stable at present. Its mewing calls are often heard over wadis and rugged hillsides.
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
soaring glider
Social Behavior
Usually encountered singly or in territorial pairs. Pairs are monogamous and defend nesting cliffs and adjacent hunting grounds. Nests are placed on ledges or occasionally in trees, with 1–3 eggs laid and both adults attending the young.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Typical buzzard-like mewing call, a drawn-out, slightly wavering peee-oo. Calls are given most often during display flights and territorial interactions, with softer whistles and squeals near the nest.
