The parasitic jaeger or arctic jaeger, also known as the parasitic skua or arctic skua in Europe, is a seabird in the skua family Stercorariidae. It is a migratory species breeding in Northern Fennoscandia, Scotland, Iceland, Greenland, Northern Canada, Alaska, and Siberia and wintering across the southern hemisphere. Kleptoparasitism is a major source of food for this species during migration and winter, and is where the name is derived from.
Region
Circumpolar Arctic
Typical Environment
Breeds across tundra, coastal moorland, and islands in the high latitudes of North America, Europe, and Siberia. Outside the breeding season it ranges widely over offshore and pelagic marine waters, often along continental shelves and productive upwelling zones. Frequently occurs near seabird colonies where opportunities for kleptoparasitism are high. During migration it can be seen along coasts and large inland lakes.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1200 m
Climate Zone
Polar
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
Also called the Arctic skua in Europe, the parasitic jaeger is famous for kleptoparasitism—harassing terns and gulls to steal their hard-won fish. It shows striking plumage polymorphism, with dark, light, and intermediate morphs. An agile flier, it undertakes long migrations from Arctic breeding grounds to spend the nonbreeding season over southern hemisphere oceans.
Eggs, Collection Museum Wiesbaden
Temperament
assertive and opportunistic, strongly territorial near nests
Flight Pattern
strong, agile flier with swift, acrobatic pursuits
Social Behavior
Typically breeds in solitary pairs or loose colonies on open tundra. Both parents share incubation and chick-rearing duties, defending the territory vigorously against intruders. Often nests near other seabirds, benefiting from both protection and stealing opportunities.
Migratory Pattern
Seasonal migrant
Song Description
Vocalizations include harsh, nasal yelps and cat-like mewing calls, especially during territorial displays. Alarm calls are sharp and scolding when predators or humans approach the nest.
