The northern plain xenops is a passerine bird in the subfamily Furnariinae of the family Furnariidae. It is found from southern Mexico through Panama to northern Colombia, in northwestern Venezuela, and through and western Ecuador into Peru.
Region
Mesoamerica and northwestern South America
Typical Environment
Occurs from southern Mexico through Central America to Panama, extending into northern Colombia, northwestern Venezuela, and along the Pacific slope of western Ecuador into northern Peru. It inhabits humid lowland and foothill evergreen forests, forest edges, and mature second growth. Most activity is in the midstory to subcanopy, where it works along fine branches and tangles. Often associates with mixed-species flocks in relatively undisturbed forest but can persist in selectively logged habitats.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1800 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The Northern Plain Xenops is a tiny furnariid that forages like a miniature woodpecker, prying and chiseling at bark with its short, wedge-shaped bill. It commonly joins mixed-species flocks in humid forests, moving nimbly along branches and vines. This species was split from the former Plain Xenops complex, reflecting geographic and vocal differences.
Temperament
active and agile
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats between perches
Social Behavior
Often travels in pairs or small family groups and regularly joins mixed-species foraging flocks. Nests are typically placed in cavities excavated in decaying wood or natural hollows; both sexes participate in nesting duties. Territorial singing and call exchanges occur year-round in many areas.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Vocalizations are high, thin trills and dry rattles, interspersed with sharp tik notes. Songs are simple and fast, often delivered from midstory perches and during flock movement.
