The lesser coucal is a species of cuckoo in the family Cuculidae. It has a wide distribution range that overlaps with several other similar species. The habitat in which it is found is often marshy land with grass and tree cover. It is distinguished by its smaller size, less prominent bill, pale shaft streaks on the feathers of the head and back. It has a much longer claw on its hind toe and a distinct call. It is also among the few coucals that show season plumage differences but like in other coucals, the sexes cannot be distinguished in the field.
Region
South and Southeast Asia
Typical Environment
Found widely from the Indian Subcontinent through southern China and mainland Southeast Asia to the Philippines and parts of Indonesia. It frequents marshes, reedbeds, wet grasslands, rice paddies, scrub, and edges of mangroves. The species prefers dense ground and low-vegetation cover, often near standing or slow-moving water. It adapts well to agricultural mosaics where patches of tall grass and hedgerows persist.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1800 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
The lesser coucal is a small, marsh-loving cuckoo that skulks through tall grasses rather than perching conspicuously. Unlike many cuckoos, coucals build their own nests and raise their young. It shows seasonal plumage differences and can be recognized by pale shaft-streaks on the head and back and a notably long hind claw. Its deep, repetitive calls often carry at dawn and dusk across wetlands and rice fields.
Temperament
shy and skulking
Flight Pattern
short, heavy flights with brief glides; generally reluctant flier
Social Behavior
Usually solitary or in pairs, keeping low within dense vegetation. Builds a domed nest of grass or leaves low in reeds or shrubs. Pairs are monogamous in the breeding season and both sexes participate in nesting and chick-rearing.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Gives a series of deep, hollow 'coop' or 'whoop' notes, often accelerating or delivered in measured sequences. Calls carry well over wetlands and are most active at dawn and dusk.
