The crested kingfisher is a very large kingfisher that is native to parts of southern Asia. It is part of the kingfisher genus (Megaceryle) with three other species: the giant kingfisher, the ringed kingfisher, and the belted kingfisher with which it forms a species complex.
Region
South and East Asia
Typical Environment
Found from the Himalayan foothills across northern and eastern India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh through Myanmar and southern China to Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. It occupies clear, fast-flowing rivers and mountain streams with rocky or gravel beds, often in forested valleys and gorges. The species favors broad channels with exposed boulders and overhanging trees that provide hunting perches. In winter it may descend to larger lowland rivers, reservoirs, and sheltered coasts. Nesting occurs in earthen riverbanks where long burrows can be excavated.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 2500 m
Climate Zone
Temperate
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The crested kingfisher is one of the largest kingfishers, notable for its shaggy black-and-white crest and bold, speckled plumage. It is a powerful plunge-diver that hunts from exposed riverside perches. Pairs excavate long nesting tunnels in riverbanks, sometimes over 1–2 meters in length, and are sensitive to river disturbance, making them indicators of clean, fast-flowing waters.
From Darap village in West Sikkim, India
Crested Kingfisher, Himalayan Range, Uttarakhand, India
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
strong, direct flight with rapid wingbeats, usually low over water
Social Behavior
Typically encountered alone or in pairs defending linear stretches of river. Pairs excavate nesting burrows in steep, sandy or earthen banks, with both sexes participating in digging. Clutches are laid deep in the tunnel and both adults incubate and feed the young.
Migratory Pattern
Partial migrant
Song Description
Vocalizations are loud and rattling, often a harsh, accelerating series given in flight or from a perch. Alarm and contact calls include sharp kek-kek notes that carry far along rivers.
