The campo troupial or campo oriole is a species of bird in the family Icteridae that is found in northeastern Brazil. At one time thought to be conspecific with the Venezuelan troupial and orange-backed troupial, it is now accepted as a separate species. It is a fairly common bird and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated it as a "least-concern species".
Region
Northeastern Brazil
Typical Environment
Occurs primarily in the caatinga and adjacent open woodlands, scrublands, and savanna-like habitats. Often found along woodland edges, riparian gallery strips, and in areas with scattered trees, cacti, and shrubs. It tolerates disturbed habitats and may occur in ranchlands, orchards, and urban parks with suitable tree cover. Nests are typically placed in taller trees or appropriated from other species in semi-open settings.
Altitude Range
0–1200 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
The campo troupial is a striking orange-and-black oriole endemic to northeastern Brazil and was split from the Venezuelan and orange-backed troupials. It thrives in semi-arid caatinga and open woodlands, often adapting well to human-altered landscapes. Known for rich, whistled songs and mimicry, it is conspicuous and vocal. It is currently considered of Least Concern by the IUCN.
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
direct flight with short rapid wingbeats
Social Behavior
Usually seen in pairs or small family groups, becoming more social outside the breeding season. Pairs are territorial while nesting. Like other troupials, it often appropriates or reuses nests built by other bird species, though it may occasionally build its own.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A rich series of fluty, whistled phrases delivered with variable tempo, often melodious and far-carrying. Includes harsh chatters and scolds; capable of brief mimicry of other birds.
