The blue-throated hillstar is a hummingbird found only in a small portion of the southwestern Andes in Ecuador. It was discovered in 2017.
Region
Andes Mountains
Typical Environment
Occurs on windswept high-Andean páramo and rocky shrublands in a very localized area around the Cerro de Arcos massif. It favors slopes and ridgelines with dense patches of nectar-bearing shrubs, and frequently uses rocky ravines and cliff faces for roosting and nesting. Vegetation includes hardy páramo plants such as Chuquiraga and other high-elevation flowers. The species is tightly linked to these plant communities and to sheltered rock features that provide protection from cold and wind.
Altitude Range
3400–4000 m
Climate Zone
Highland
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
Discovered in 2017, the blue-throated hillstar is a high-Andean hummingbird restricted to a tiny range in southwestern Ecuador. Males show a vivid cobalt-blue throat, and the species often nests on cliffs or rock overhangs to shelter from harsh winds. It specializes on nectar from high-altitude shrubs and also takes small insects for protein. Its very small range makes it highly vulnerable to habitat alteration and infrastructure development.
Temperament
territorial around flowering shrubs
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with sustained hovering; swift, direct flights between shrub patches
Social Behavior
Generally solitary or in loose proximity while feeding; males defend nectar resources vigorously. The female builds a cup nest on rock ledges or under overhangs and solely incubates and tends the young. Pairs form during the breeding period but do not maintain long-term bonds.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
High, thin chips and buzzy trills delivered from exposed perches. Males emit sharp, repetitive call series during territorial displays and between foraging bouts.
