Xinjiang ground jay or Biddulph's ground jay is a species of bird in the family Corvidae. It is endemic to China. It is not larger than an adult human's hand and has a brownish white coat of feathers.
Region
Central Asia
Typical Environment
Endemic to arid basins and desert margins of Xinjiang in northwestern China, especially in areas with sparse shrubs such as saxaul, tamarisk, and Nitraria. It favors gravelly and sandy deserts with scattered bushes, dry riverbeds, and oasis edges. The species is strongly terrestrial, using shrub cover for nesting and foraging. It avoids dense vegetation and high mountains, remaining in open desert flats and low, rolling dunes.
Altitude Range
300–1800 m
Climate Zone
Arid
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
Also called Biddulph's ground jay, this small corvid is uniquely adapted to the arid deserts of Xinjiang, China. It spends much of its time running between low shrubs and uses its slightly downcurved bill to probe sand and litter for prey. Nests are built low in thorny bushes or saxaul, offering shade and protection. It is elusive and localized, making sightings special for birders visiting the region.
Illustration by John Gerrard Keulemans in 1891
Temperament
wary and alert
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats, low undulating flights
Social Behavior
Usually seen singly, in pairs, or small family groups. Pairs defend territories during the breeding season and nest low in thorny shrubs or saxaul bushes. Both parents typically share duties of nest defense and feeding young.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Vocalizations are a series of harsh, nasal chatter and jay-like scolds, often given from low shrubs. Softer whistles and contact calls are used within pairs or family groups.
