The torrent tyrannulet is a small bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.
Region
Central America and the northern Andes
Typical Environment
Occurs from Costa Rica and western Panama south through the Andes of Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. It is tightly linked to boulder-strewn, fast-flowing rivers in humid foothill and montane forests. Birds forage along rapids, cascades, and waterfalls, often using exposed rocks as vantage points. It avoids sluggish lowland waters and typically remains within shaded, forested stream corridors.
Altitude Range
300–2800 m
Climate Zone
Highland
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The torrent tyrannulet lives almost exclusively along fast-flowing mountain streams and rivers, often perching on wet rocks right above rapids. It constantly flicks its tail and makes short sallies to snatch insects over the water. Its thin, penetrating calls carry over the roar of torrents, helping pairs stay in contact. Nests are typically tucked into mossy banks, rock crevices, or behind waterfalls.
Torrent tyrannulet habitat at 2200 m in Costa Rica
Temperament
active and alert
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with quick sallies low over water
Social Behavior
Usually seen singly or in pairs defending linear territories along streams. Pairs communicate frequently over the noise of rushing water. Nests are cup-shaped and placed in crevices, mossy banks, or behind waterfalls, where spray helps conceal the site.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A series of thin, high-pitched tseet and tsee notes, often delivered in short bursts. Calls are sharp and penetrating, adapted to be heard over torrent noise.
