Swainson's sparrow is a species of bird in the sparrow family Passeridae. Sometimes considered a subspecies of the grey-headed sparrow, it occurs in northeastern Africa, largely in the Ethiopian Highlands. This sparrow was named after the English naturalist and illustrator William Swainson.
Region
Horn of Africa
Typical Environment
Found mainly across the Ethiopian Highlands of Ethiopia and Eritrea, with local occurrence in adjacent uplands. It inhabits open woodland, cultivated fields, scrub, and urban and peri-urban areas. The species is closely associated with human settlements in many parts of its range, using buildings and hedgerows for nesting and cover. It also occupies edges of montane grasslands and farm mosaics, moving locally in response to food availability.
Altitude Range
1200–3500 m
Climate Zone
Highland
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
Swainson's sparrow is a highland sparrow native to the Ethiopian Highlands and nearby areas of the Horn of Africa. It readily adapts to villages, towns, and farms, often foraging around grain stores and markets. It has sometimes been treated as part of the grey-headed sparrow complex, and it commemorates the English naturalist William Swainson.
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with bounding flight
Social Behavior
Usually seen in pairs or small flocks, larger groups forming around food sources in towns and farms. Nests in cavities such as holes in buildings, thatched roofs, or tree hollows, often near people. Pairs are monogamous in the breeding season and may raise multiple broods when conditions are favorable.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Song consists of simple chirps and short twittering phrases delivered from perches, eaves, or fence lines. Calls are sparrow-like cheeps and chips, with harsher chatter given in alarm or during flock interactions.
