Swainson's flycatcher is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in every mainland South American country except Chile and French Guiana and as a vagrant to Aruba and Trinidad.
Region
South America
Typical Environment
Occurs across most of mainland South America except Chile and French Guiana, with vagrants recorded on Aruba and Trinidad. It is common in forest edges, secondary growth, gallery forests, and open woodlands, and also uses plantations and savanna with scattered trees. The species favors mid- to upper-story perches with clear foraging lanes. Local movements and seasonal shifts occur, especially in southern populations.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 2000 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
A widespread tyrant flycatcher, it hunts by sallying from exposed perches to snatch insects in flight or off foliage. It often uses natural cavities such as old woodpecker holes for nesting and may return to favored sites across years. Its sharp, whistled calls carry far and help distinguish it from similar Myiarchus species. Tail-flicking and upright perching postures are typical behaviors.
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats
Social Behavior
Typically seen alone or in pairs perched conspicuously while foraging. Pairs defend nesting territories and use cavities in trees for nest sites. Courtship involves vocal exchanges and perch displays.
Migratory Pattern
Partial migrant
Song Description
Vocalizations are sharp, whistled phrases and squeaky notes, often given from exposed perches. Calls carry well through forest edges and can sound plaintive or buzzy, aiding identification at a distance.
Plumage
Olive-brown upperparts with a grayish head and breast, and a pale yellow belly; wings and tail show warm rufous tones with subtle wing bars.
Diet
Primarily feeds on flying and gleaned insects such as beetles, flies, and wasps, captured by quick sallies from perches. It occasionally takes small fruits, especially when insects are less abundant. Prey is often beaten lightly before swallowing.
Preferred Environment
Forages along forest margins, in clearings, and within semi-open woodland where visibility is good. Frequently uses mid-canopy and edge perches overlooking open spaces.
