The slender-billed vulture is an Old World vulture species native to sub-Himalayan regions and Southeast Asia. It is Critically Endangered since 2002 as the population on the Indian subcontinent has declined rapidly. As of 2021, fewer than 870 mature individuals are thought to remain.
Region
South Asia and mainland Southeast Asia
Typical Environment
Historically widespread from the sub-Himalayan foothills through the Ganges–Brahmaputra floodplains into Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia. Today it persists mainly in northeastern India and northern Cambodia, with isolated records elsewhere. It favors open lowlands, floodplains, agricultural mosaics, and village outskirts where livestock carcasses are available. Nesting typically occurs in tall emergent trees along rivers or in lightly wooded areas. Human-altered landscapes can support it if safe carcasses are available and large nest trees remain.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1500 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
This Old World vulture once ranged widely across the Gangetic plains and mainland Southeast Asia but crashed due to poisoning from the veterinary drug diclofenac. It now survives in small, scattered populations, notably in Assam (India) and northern Cambodia. It nests colonially in tall trees near rivers and villages, and plays a vital role in removing carcasses and reducing disease spread.
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
soaring glider
Social Behavior
Often gathers in mixed-species vulture groups at carcasses and uses thermals to commute over large areas. It nests colonially in tall trees, with pairs reusing nest sites across seasons. Breeding pairs show strong site fidelity and engage in mutual preening and display soaring near the colony.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Generally silent away from nests, lacking a melodious song. At carcasses and colonies it produces hisses, grunts, and wheezing calls, especially during disputes or when landing and taking off.
