Region

Southwestern United States and northern–central Mexico

Typical Environment

Scaled quail inhabit arid and semi-arid grasslands, desert scrub, and open thorny savannas with scattered shrubs such as mesquite, yucca, and cactus. They favor gently rolling terrain with patches of low cover interspersed with open ground for running and feeding. Agricultural edges and rangelands are often used, especially where native forbs and seeds remain. They generally avoid dense brush and tall, continuous grass. Proximity to water can be important during drought, though they are adapted to dry conditions.

Altitude Range

200–2200 m

Climate Zone

Arid

Temperament

social and wary

Flight Pattern

short rapid wingbeats with explosive flush; prefers running

Social Behavior

Outside the breeding season they form coveys, often 10–30 birds, that roost and forage together on the ground. Breeding pairs are typically monogamous, nesting in shallow ground scrapes concealed under grasses or shrubs. Clutches are large, and broods are precocial, following adults soon after hatching. Coveys may use low perches such as fence posts for lookout and calling.

Migratory Pattern

Resident

Song Description

Their calls are sharp, whistled notes and chatters, often carrying across open country. A series of clear, piping whistles serves as contact and assembly calls. Alarm calls are harsher, rapid clucks as covey members scatter or run.