The ruby-throated bulbul, or yellow bulbul, is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It was formerly considered conspecific with other Rubigula bulbuls, such as the flame-throated bulbul. It is found on Sumatra, Java, and Bali.
Region
Greater Sunda Islands
Typical Environment
Occurs on the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java, and Bali, where it inhabits lowland and foothill forests. It favors forest edges, clearings, bamboo thickets, secondary growth, and plantations, and often ventures into parks and large gardens. The species uses the mid-story and canopy but will descend to fruiting shrubs and trees. It adapts well to disturbed habitats provided fruiting trees and cover remain available.
Altitude Range
0–1500 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
Also called the yellow bulbul, this species was formerly placed in the genus Pycnonotus and considered part of a complex with the black-crested and flame-throated bulbuls. It is a forest-edge specialist that readily uses secondary growth and gardens. By consuming small fruits, it plays a role in seed dispersal across its island habitats.
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats with quick dashes between perches
Social Behavior
Often seen in pairs or small family groups and sometimes joins mixed-species flocks while foraging. Breeding pairs build a shallow cup nest in shrubs or small trees, and both adults share incubation and feeding duties. Territorial during breeding but tolerant of neighbors in rich foraging areas.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A lively series of clear, ringing whistles mixed with chatters and trills. Calls include sharp contact notes and scolding chatter when alarmed.
Plumage
Black crested head with a vivid ruby-red throat patch, olive-green upperparts, and bright yellow underparts. The wings and tail are darker with subtle edging, and the body feathers appear sleek and slightly glossy.
Diet
Feeds on small fruits and berries, including figs and other soft, fleshy fruits. Supplements its diet with insects such as beetles, caterpillars, and small orthopterans gleaned from foliage. Occasionally takes nectar and small invertebrates during the breeding season when protein needs are higher.
Preferred Environment
Forages in the mid-story and canopy at forest edges, along trails, and in secondary growth. Frequently visits fruiting trees and shrubs in plantations and large gardens.
