The Principe starling, also known as the Príncipe glossy-starling, is a species of starling in the family Sturnidae. It is endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
Region
Gulf of Guinea (West Africa)
Typical Environment
Occurs primarily in subtropical to tropical moist lowland forests on Príncipe, including primary forest and well-grown secondary woodland. It is also seen along forest edges, in shaded cocoa and mixed-crop plantations, and near villages where fruiting trees are present. The species forages from mid-canopy to the upper canopy, occasionally descending to understory clearings. It relies on mature trees for nesting cavities, so intact forest patches are important. Protected areas such as Obô Natural Park provide key habitat refuges.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 900 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
The Principe starling is a glossy, island-endemic starling restricted to Príncipe in São Tomé and Príncipe. It frequents native lowland forests but also ventures into secondary growth and agroforestry areas to feed on fruit and insects. As an active frugivore-omnivore, it helps disperse seeds and supports forest regeneration. Though adaptable, it still benefits from protection of mature forest with nesting cavities.
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
strong, direct flight with short rapid wingbeats
Social Behavior
Typically seen in pairs or small groups, sometimes forming loose flocks around fruiting trees. Pairs nest in natural cavities or old woodpecker holes, lining them with plant fibers. Both parents feed the young, and birds may defend small areas around nest sites. Outside breeding, they forage cooperatively and vocalize frequently to remain in contact.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A mix of fluty whistles, metallic chattering, and buzzy notes delivered from exposed perches. Calls are sharp and carry through the canopy, with mimicry occasionally interwoven into the sequence.
