The moorland francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae.
Region
Ethiopian Highlands
Typical Environment
Occurs in afroalpine and subalpine habitats of the Ethiopian Highlands, especially moorland, tussock grasslands, and Erica heaths. It favors open, shrubby slopes with scattered rocks, helichrysum, and giant lobelia patches. Birds keep close to dense ground cover, using vegetation for concealment and nesting. Post-burn regrowth areas and meadow edges are frequently used for feeding.
Altitude Range
2800–4200 m
Climate Zone
Highland
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
The moorland francolin is a high-altitude gamebird of the Ethiopian Highlands, living in afroalpine moorlands and heaths. It was formerly considered to include the Elgon francolin, which is now treated as a separate species. Typically seen in pairs or small coveys, it relies on camouflage and explosive flushes to evade predators. Its loud dawn calls carry far across open moors.
Temperament
wary and secretive
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats
Social Behavior
Usually found in pairs or small family groups, forming coveys outside the breeding season. Ground-nesting, placing a grass-lined scrape under cover of tussocks or shrubs. Breeding is likely timed with rains, with both adults remaining close to the nest site.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A loud, far-carrying cackling series, often given at dawn and dusk. Calls may be delivered from a rock or tussock and can include duetted sequences between mates.
Plumage
Densely vermiculated and barred brown upperparts with buff and black patterning; underparts finely barred with darker chevrons. Throat paler with a contrasting darker malar border; neck and face show warm rufous tones. Feathers are compact and cryptic, blending well with moorland vegetation.
Diet
Omnivorous, taking seeds, shoots, bulbs, and small invertebrates such as beetles and ants. Often scratches at the soil for tubers and roots and picks seeds from grasses and forbs. Opportunistically feeds in recently burned areas where new growth and insects are abundant.
Preferred Environment
Edges of moorland, heathy slopes, and tussocky grasslands with nearby cover. Frequently forages along paths, clearings, and among rocks and low shrubs.
