The military macaw is a medium- to large-sized macaw, named after its green and red plumage vaguely resembling a military uniform. It is native from west-central Mexico south through northern Argentina and Bolivia. While most wild populations are currently listed by the IUCN as vulnerable - and listed as endangered by Mexico - the species is still seen commonly in zoos and parks worldwide. The military macaw may be bred in captivity with relative ease, and is usually available through the pet trade. It is among the longest-lived one can own, requiring advanced knowledge, experience and confidence to keep them healthy, stimulated and thriving.
Region
Western Mexico and Andean foothills of northern South America
Typical Environment
Occurs patchily from west-central Mexico south through the Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and into Bolivia. Prefers dry to semi-humid tropical and subtropical forests, including deciduous woodland, gallery forests, and pine–oak mosaics. Frequently uses steep canyons and cliff faces for roosting and nesting. Often forages along forest edges and in partially disturbed habitats near watercourses.
Altitude Range
500–2600 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
Military macaws are long-lived parrots with strong pair bonds and loud, far-carrying calls. They often nest in cliff crevices or large tree cavities and will travel between feeding and nesting sites. In parts of their range they visit mineral-rich clay licks, thought to aid digestion of tannins and alkaloids. Habitat loss and trapping have led to widespread declines, and the species is listed as Vulnerable.
Ara militaris - MHNT
Flying at Whipsnade Zoo
At Zoológico Los Coyotes, Mexico
Temperament
social and alert
Flight Pattern
strong flier with deep, direct wingbeats; often soars across canyons
Social Behavior
Usually seen in pairs or small groups, with strong lifelong pair bonds. Nests in cliff crevices or large cavities, laying a small clutch that both parents tend. Forms communal roosts and follows regular travel routes between roosting and feeding sites.
Migratory Pattern
Partial migrant
Song Description
Powerful, raucous squawks and shrieks that carry over long distances, especially in flight. Pairs exchange loud contact calls; at roosts the chorus becomes a harsh chattering.
