The mangrove hummingbird is an Endangered species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is endemic to Costa Rica.
Region
Pacific coast of Costa Rica
Typical Environment
Occurs patchily in mature and secondary mangrove forests along the Pacific shoreline, especially around river mouths, estuaries, and tidal channels. It favors stands dominated by red and black mangrove and especially tea mangrove (Pelliciera rhizophorae). Birds also use adjacent coastal scrub, edges of wetlands, and occasionally gardens near mangroves when flowers are abundant. The species is closely tied to nectar-rich blooms that peak seasonally in these tidal habitats.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 50 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
One of the few hummingbirds specialized for mangrove habitats, it relies heavily on flowering mangrove trees along Costa Rica’s Pacific coast. Habitat loss from coastal development and mangrove degradation is the primary threat. Conservation efforts focus on protecting key mangrove systems such as Térraba–Sierpe and Golfo Dulce.
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats; expert hoverer
Social Behavior
Typically defends rich flowering patches within mangroves and along edges. Nests are small cups placed on low to mid-level branches in sheltered sites. Courtship and territorial chases are common where flowers are concentrated.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
High, thin chips and rapid, squeaky twitters. Males give sharp chittering notes during territorial disputes and while foraging around flowering trees.
