Region

Western Mexico

Typical Environment

Occurs along the Pacific slopes of western and southwestern Mexico in tropical dry and semi-deciduous forests, woodland edges, and riverine corridors. It favors mature trees for roosting and nesting, often selecting large cavity-bearing species. The bird also uses forest-agriculture mosaics, including orchards and shade-grown plantations, when nearby native habitat persists. It may visit coastal lowlands and foothills seasonally as resources change.

Altitude Range

0–1500 m

Climate Zone

Tropical

Temperament

social and active

Flight Pattern

strong flier with rapid, direct wingbeats

Social Behavior

Usually seen in pairs or small to medium flocks, especially at roosts and feeding sites. Forms long-term pair bonds and nests in tree cavities in tall, mature trees. Breeding pairs defend nest sites but may forage loosely with neighbors. Communal roosting outside the breeding season is common.

Migratory Pattern

Resident

Song Description

Vocalizations are loud, carrying squawks and raucous screeches, especially during flight and at dawn and dusk. At close range, it also produces chattering notes and whistles used in pair and flock communication.

Diet

Feeds mainly on fruits, seeds, and berries from native trees and shrubs; also takes blossoms and buds seasonally. It may exploit fig trees and fruiting Bursera and other dry-forest species. In some areas it visits orchards and cultivated fruit when available. Foraging is typically methodical, with birds using their feet to manipulate food.

Preferred Environment

Primarily forages in the canopy and upper midstory of tropical dry and semi-deciduous forests. It also uses forest edges, riparian corridors, and nearby agricultural mosaics where large fruiting trees remain.