The hooded pitohui is a species of bird in the genus Pitohui found in New Guinea. It was long thought to be a whistler (Pachycephalidae) but is now known to be in the Old World oriole family (Oriolidae). Within the oriole family, this species is most closely related to the variable pitohuis in the genus Pitohui, and then the figbirds.
Region
New Guinea
Typical Environment
Occurs widely across the island of New Guinea in lowland and hill rainforests. It uses both primary and secondary forest, as well as forest edges and tall second-growth. Birds are most frequently encountered in the mid to upper canopy, but will descend to lower levels at forest margins. It adapts reasonably well to lightly disturbed habitats provided mature trees and fruiting resources remain.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1800 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
The hooded pitohui is one of the few known poisonous birds; its skin and feathers contain batrachotoxins that can cause numbness or burning sensations on contact. Its bold black-and-rufous coloration is thought to be aposematic, warning predators of its toxicity. The toxins are likely derived from toxic beetles (genus Choresine) in its diet. It often forages high in the canopy and joins mixed-species flocks.
The plumage of the hooded pitohui is dichromatic, black and reddish brown.
The hooded pitohui uses the same family of batrachotoxin compounds as the golden poison frog of Colombia.
Brown tree snakes are bird predators that have been shown to be vulnerable to the poisons found in hooded pitohui.
The preparation of study skins for museums led to the discovery of toxins in the skins of hooded pitohui.
Temperament
alert and wary
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats between perches, usually within the canopy
Social Behavior
Often found in pairs or small family groups and commonly joins mixed-species foraging flocks. Cup nests are placed well above ground in dense foliage. Both sexes contribute to nesting and chick rearing. Territorial displays include vocal duets and chases through the canopy.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A series of mellow, fluty whistles delivered in short phrases, reminiscent of Old World orioles. Calls include sharp scolds and nasal notes used when alarmed or during flocking.
