The grey-headed bushshrike, colloquially known as the ghostbird, is a species of passerine bird in the family Malaconotidae. It is widespread throughout sub-Saharan Africa, although relatively absent in Central Africa and the interior of southern Africa. It is the most widespread species of its genus, which consists of large bushshrikes with massive bills and mournful hooting calls. It occurs sparsely in a range of wooded habitats, though typically in denser vegetation within dry or moist savannah. The monogamous pairs occupy woodland with sufficient cover. They are sedentary, but will undertake limited post-breeding movements.
Region
Sub-Saharan Africa
Typical Environment
Occurs patchily but widely from West to East and Southern Africa, favoring wooded habitats with substantial undergrowth. It uses riverine forest, thickets, forest edges, miombo and mopane woodland, and well-vegetated savannas. Most frequent in areas with dense tangles or vine-laden trees where it can hunt from cover. Avoids open grasslands and very arid scrub, and is sparser in the deep interior of southern Africa and parts of Central Africa.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 2000 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
Often nicknamed the ghostbird for its mournful hooting that carries far through woodland, especially at dawn and dusk. It is secretive and usually stays in dense cover, but its massive hooked bill and pale yellow eyes are distinctive when seen. Pairs are monogamous and maintain territories year‑round. Despite being widespread, it is typically encountered at low densities.
Temperament
solitary and territorial
Flight Pattern
short, direct flights between cover; strong but brief bursts
Social Behavior
Usually found alone or in monogamous pairs that maintain well-defined territories. Nests are placed in dense foliage or tangles, where both parents participate in provisioning. Generally skulking, it forages quietly from shaded perches and may sit motionless for long periods.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A series of deep, mournful hoots that may accelerate or vary subtly in pitch, often carrying long distances. Also gives harsh clucks, growls, and churring notes during close encounters or when agitated.
