The goliath imperial pigeon, also known as the New Caledonian imperial pigeon and the notou, is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is endemic to New Caledonia. Its natural habitat is humid forests. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has assessed it as a near-threatened species.
Region
Southwest Pacific (New Caledonia)
Typical Environment
Found in humid primary and mature secondary forests across New Caledonia’s main island and nearby islets. It prefers extensive tracts of intact canopy where large fruiting trees are abundant. The species may venture to forest edges and riverine corridors but generally avoids heavily degraded habitats. It occasionally uses regenerating forest when fruit is available and can move locally following seasonal fruiting.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 1200 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
Also called the notou, this is the largest imperial pigeon and is endemic to New Caledonia. It plays a key role as a seed disperser for many native trees by swallowing large fruits whole. The species is shy and often flushed by disturbance or hunting pressure. The IUCN currently lists it as Near Threatened due to habitat loss and past overhunting.
Temperament
shy and wary
Flight Pattern
strong flier with direct, powerful wingbeats; occasional short glides between canopy gaps
Social Behavior
Usually seen singly or in pairs, sometimes in small loose groups at fruiting trees. Nests high in tall trees on a simple platform of twigs. Typically lays a single egg, with both parents sharing incubation and chick-rearing duties. Territorial displays include deep cooing and short display flights around the nesting area.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Low, resonant, far-carrying coos delivered in a slow sequence, often at dawn and dusk. Calls can include deep booming notes followed by softer, descending coos.
