The giant antpitta is a perching bird species in the antpitta family (Grallariidae). Rare and somewhat enigmatic, it is known only from Colombia and Ecuador. It is presumably a close relative of the similar undulated antpitta, G. squamigera, which occurs to the south of G. gigantea. The giant antpitta has three subspecies, one of which might be extinct.
Region
Northern Andes
Typical Environment
Occupies humid montane and cloud forests on the west and east slopes of the Andes in southwestern Colombia and northwestern Ecuador. Prefers dense understory with abundant leaf litter, mossy logs, and thickets of Chusquea bamboo. Often found in steep ravines, stream gullies, and forest interiors where human disturbance is minimal. It keeps close to the forest floor and avoids open edges.
Altitude Range
1200–2400 m
Climate Zone
Highland
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 1/5
This shy, ground-dwelling antpitta inhabits dense Andean cloud forests of Colombia and Ecuador and is rarely seen away from dark understory. It has three recognized subspecies; one (lehmanni) may be extinct or very close to it. In parts of Ecuador it has become famous at reserves where carefully managed feeding of earthworms allows brief views. Its deep, resonant whistles carry far through the forest, often the only clue to its presence.
Temperament
solitary and secretive
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats, low bounding dashes between cover
Social Behavior
Usually encountered alone or in pairs, especially during the breeding season. Nests are mossy cups placed low above the ground or on banks, with typically 1–2 eggs. Territorial males call persistently at dawn and in misty conditions.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
A series of deep, hollow, far-carrying whistles or hoots delivered at steady intervals, often echoing through ravines. Calls are simple but powerful, aiding long-distance communication in dense forest.
Plumage
Overall rich brown to rufescent-brown with a scaly or finely barred pattern across the breast and belly; plumage is dense and soft, aiding camouflage in dim understory light.
Diet
Primarily feeds on large invertebrates such as earthworms, beetles, ants, and other arthropods taken from leaf litter. Will occasionally take small vertebrates like small frogs when available. Often probes soil and turns leaves with its stout bill, sometimes following army ants or foraging near rotting logs.
Preferred Environment
Forages on the shaded forest floor, along stream edges, and within dense bamboo or fern thickets. It favors quiet, undisturbed microhabitats with deep leaf litter and moist soil.
