The black-breasted mannikin, also known as black-breasted munia, is a species of estrildid finch endemic to West Papua, Indonesia. It has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 20,000 to 50,000 km2. It is found in subtropical/ tropical lowland dry shrubland and high altitude grassland habitat. The status of the species is Least Concern.
Region
New Guinea (western, Indonesian part)
Typical Environment
Found in West Papua’s drier lowland shrublands and upland grasslands, including open savannas, edges of secondary forest, and weedy clearings. It frequents tall grasses and sedges where seed heads are abundant. The species also occurs around lightly cultivated areas and village fringes. It tends to avoid dense closed-canopy rainforest, favoring mosaic habitats with open structure.
Altitude Range
Sea level to 2000 m
Climate Zone
Tropical
Ease of Keeping
Beginner friendly: 2/5
Also called the black-breasted munia, this small estrildid finch is confined to West Papua, Indonesia. It occupies dry shrublands and upland grasslands where it forms small flocks and feeds mainly on grass seeds. It can be confused with other munias, but its broad black breast contrasts strongly with paler underparts. Though assessed as Least Concern, its restricted range makes local habitat stewardship important.
Temperament
social and active
Flight Pattern
short rapid wingbeats
Social Behavior
Usually seen in pairs or small flocks, sometimes aggregating at abundant seed sources. Builds a neat ball-shaped grass nest concealed in tussocks or shrubs. Pairs are monogamous during the breeding season and may nest semi-colonially where habitat is suitable.
Migratory Pattern
Resident
Song Description
Soft, twittering phrases interspersed with thin trills and chips. Calls are high, dry tseep notes used to keep contact within flocks.
Plumage
Compact finch with a broad black face, throat, and upper breast forming a distinct bib; upperparts warm brown to rufous with paler buff belly and vent. Flanks may show faint barring; tail and wings are darker. The bill is thick and conical, typically bluish-grey.
Diet
Primarily a granivore taking small grass and sedge seeds plucked from seed heads or gleaned from the ground. Will occasionally consume other plant material such as tender shoots. During breeding it may take small invertebrates incidentally for added protein.
Preferred Environment
Feeds in open grassy areas, along paths and clearings, fallow fields, and the edges of scrub or secondary growth. Often forages low, clinging to stems or hopping on the ground in loose groups.
