Region

Inter-Andean valleys of Colombia

Typical Environment

Occurs mainly in the Magdalena and Cauca river valleys and adjacent foothills in central and western Colombia. It uses dry forest, thorn scrub, open woodland, and edge habitats, and readily occupies shade coffee, pastures with scattered trees, and riparian thickets. The species often stays near clearings and forest margins where exposed perches are available. Local presence can be patchy but it may be fairly common where suitable dry-forest habitat persists.

Altitude Range

300–1800 m

Climate Zone

Tropical

Temperament

alert and active

Flight Pattern

short rapid wingbeats with quick sallies

Social Behavior

Typically solitary or in pairs, defending small feeding areas with short chases. Nests are usually placed in cavities such as tree holes or similar crevices, lined with plant fibers. Breeding behavior includes frequent perch changes and display flights near the territory.

Migratory Pattern

Resident

Song Description

Vocalizations are sharp, whistled notes and buzzy phrases, often delivered from an exposed perch. Calls can include a squeaky whee-pee or churred chips, repeated at intervals, especially at dawn.

Diet

Primarily hunts flying insects such as beetles, wasps, flies, and moths, captured in short aerial sallies. It also gleans insects from foliage and branches when opportunities arise. Small fruits may be taken opportunistically, especially in the dry season.

Preferred Environment

Feeds from open or semi-open perches along forest edges, thorn scrub, and scattered trees in agricultural landscapes. Often uses fence lines, dead snags, and canopy edges to launch foraging flights.